Seahorse is a type of fish that live in the sea of the genus Hippocampus and familia Syngnathidae . Animals with sizes varying between 16 mm ( for the species Hippocampus denise ) to 35 cm can be found in tropical and intermediate waters around the world. Seahorses are the only species that males can get pregnant .
The dorsal fin is located on the sea horse on the bottom while pektoralnya fins located on the head , near the gills . Some species of seahorse colored partially transparent , so it is not easily visible .
Seahorse populations are threatened due to overfishing . Sea horses used in traditional Chinese herbology , and as many as 20 million seahorses have been caught annually for this purpose . Import export of seahorses regulated under CITES since obat tradisional sariawan May 15, 2004 .
There are at least 54 types of sea horses , which mostly inhabit tropical waters and being . Based on a survey of Lourie et al . ( 2001) , [ 2 ] there are nine species found widely in Indonesia (marked § in the following list ) with one of them is a new kind ( H. pontohi ) .
The genus Hippocampus
Hippocampus abdominalis Lesson , 1827 ( New Zealand and south and east Australia )
Hippocampus alatus Kuiter , 2001
Algiricus Hippocampus Kaup , 1856
Hippocampus angustus Günther , 1870
Hippocampus barbouri Jordan & Richardson § , 1908
Hippocampus bargibanti § Whitley , 1970 ( pygmy seahorses ; Indonesia, the Philippines , Papua New Guinea , Kep . Solomon , etc. . )
Hippocampus biocellatus Kuiter , 2001
Hippocampus borboniensis Duméril , 1870
Hippocampus breviceps Peters , 1869 (south and east Australia )
Hippocampus Camelopardalis Bianconi , 1854
Hippocampus capensis Boulenger , 1900
Hippocampus colemani Kuiter 2003
§ Hippocampus comes Cantor , 1850
Hippocampus coronatus Temminck & Schlegel , 1850
Hippocampus denise Lourie & Randall , 2003
Hippocampus erectus Perry , 1810 ( east coast of America , from Nova Scotia to Uruguay )
Hippocampus fisheri Jordan & Evermann , 1903
Hippocampus fuscus Rüppell , 1838 ( Indian Ocean )
Hippocampus grandiceps Kuiter , 2001
Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier , 1829
Hippocampus hendriki Kuiter , 2001
Hippocampus hippocampus ( Linnaeus , 1758) ( Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean )
§ histrix Hippocampus Kaup , 1856 ( Indian Ocean , Persian Gulf , Red Sea , and the Far East )
Hippocampus ingens Girard , 1858 ( Pacific coast of North America , Central America , and South America )
Hippocampus jayakari Boulenger , 1900
Hippocampus jugumus Kuiter , 2001
§ kelloggi hippocampus Jordan & Snyder , 1901
§ Hippocampus kuda Bleeker, 1852
Lichtensteinii Hippocampus Kaup , 1856
Hippocampus minotaur Gomon , 1997
Hippocampus mohnikei Bleeker , 1854
Hippocampus montebelloensis Kuiter , 2001
Hippocampus multispinus Kuiter , 2001
Hippocampus pontohi Lourie and Kuiter § 2008
Hippocampus procerus Kuiter , 2001
Hippocampus queenslandicus Horne , 2001
Hippocampus reidi Ginsburg , 1933 ( Caribbean coral reefs )
Hippocampus satomiae Lourie and Kuiter § 2008 ( additional , newly published 2009 from the waters of the Derawan Islands )
Hippocampus semispinosus Kuiter , 2001
Hippocampus severnsi Lourie and Kuiter 2008
Hippocampus sindonis Jordan & Snyder , 1901
Hippocampus spinosissimus § Weber , 1913
Hippocampus subelongatus Castelnau , 1873
Hippocampus trimaculatus § Leach , 1814
Hippocampus whitei Bleeker , 1855 ( eastern Australia )
Hippocampus zebra Whitley , 1964
Hippocampus zosterae Jordan & Gilbert , 1882 ( Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean )